IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD SECURITY

 IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON BIODIVERSITY AND FOOD SECURITY.

Biodiversity and climate change

Climate is the average weather conditions, characterized by long-term statistics for the meteorological elements in a given area , Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts may be natural, but recently or in today world, human activities 

have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels which produces heat-trapping gases. While biodiversity refers to the variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a prticular habitat Whereas food security simply means the state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food. 

Climate change is happening due to natural factors and human activities. It expressively alters biodiversity, agricultural production, and food security. And when agricultural sector is affected so as the the extinction of some spicies,concerns over species extinction are warranted as it provides food for all life forms and primary health care. Due to climate change, distributions of species have shifted to higher elevations. Climate change affects species, and ecosystem composition and function both directly and indirectly. Research has been carried out and shown some of the activities that have led to this climate change,;

There have been observeThere have been  changes in types, intensity, and frequency of disturbances (e.g. fires, droughts, and blow-downs) due to CC, and land-use practices. They in turn affect the productivity and species composition, particularly at high latitudes and altitudes. The frequency of pests and diseases outbreaks have also changed in forest ecosystems because of changes in climatic variables. Therefore, extreme climatic events and variability have affected ecosystems as well. For example, climatic events such as the Eliño For example, climatic events such as the Eliño of the years 1997–1998 had major impacts on terrestrial ecosystems globally. Likewise, human activities such as a change in land-use patterns, the degradation, modification, and fragmentation of ecosystems, exploitation of species, and the introduction of invasive species have aggravated climate.

Climate change could have also an impact on the global food market prices. The higher market values for land and water, could result in payments to farmers for environmental services. Therefore, the links between climate change and food security have been explored in relation to impacts on crop productivity and foodproduction.Although sustainable food production is vital for sustainable development, it is now jeopardizing the accomplishments of sustainable development strategies. In this regard, the agriculture sector must improve its sustainability performance and adaptation to the impacts of climate change in ways that do not compromise global efforts to ensure food security.